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A Class B CDL (Commercial Driver’s License) is a specialized license that allows individuals to operate medium- to large-sized commercial vehicles. This license is essential for many jobs in transportation, logistics, distribution, and passenger services. Knowing the eligibility requirements and the steps involved in getting a Class B CDL will help you plan your trucking career effectively and take the right steps forward.
This guide covers what a Class B CDL is, who needs it, the qualifications required, the step-by-step process for obtaining it, and potential career opportunities.
What is a Class B CDL?
A Class B Commercial Driver’s License allows you to:
- Operate a single vehicle with a Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) over 26,000 pounds (11,794 kg or more)
- Drive vehicles designed to carry 16 or more passengers, including the driver (with an appropriate Passenger (P) endorsement)
- Tow a trailer with a GVWR of 10,000 pounds or less
While a Class B CDL is more limited than a Class A CDL in terms of towing larger trailers, it still provides access to a wide range of commercial driving opportunities. Drivers with a Class B license can also operate certain Class C commercial vehicles, offering additional flexibility to work with smaller trucks and specialized vehicles.
This license is ideal if you’re looking for work in local delivery, passenger transport, or operating medium-duty commercial vehicles without needing a full Class A CDL.
Class A vs Class B CDL: What’s the difference?
What can you drive with a Class B CDL license?
Holders of a Class B CDL can operate a variety of medium- to large-sized vehicles. With the right endorsements, Class B drivers may operate:
- Straight trucks
- Box/delivery trucks
- Cement trucks
- School buses, city transit buses, and tour buses (with S or P endorsements)
- Large passenger buses
- Segmented buses
- Dump trucks with small trailers
Note: Tractor-trailers and combination vehicles with trailers over 10,000 lbs require a Class A CDL.
What are the Class B CDL requirements?
To get a Class B Commercial Driver’s License (CDL), you must meet several key requirements:
- Holding a valid non-commercial driver’s license: Before applying for a Class B CDL, you must have a standard driver’s license. This shows you understand traffic laws and can safely drive a regular vehicle.
- Meeting education requirements: While requirements vary by state, many jurisdictions require at least a high school diploma or equivalent. It’s always good to check our state’s DMV or CDL authority.
- Having a clean driving record: A record with minimal traffic violations highlights safe driving habits, strengthens your application, and heightens your chances of getting a Class B CDL.
- Meeting minimum age requirements: Each state sets its own minimum age. For instance, you may be eligible for a Class B license at 18 for intrastate driving, but interstate travel often requires you to be 21 or older. These rules are set by both state and federal regulations.
- Passing medical screening: Passing a DOT medical exam ensures you are physically fit to operate a large commercial vehicle safely. This includes vision standards, hearing standards, and overall health screening.
Additionally, certain roles like school bus drivers or HazMat (H) endorsement holders require background checks and fingerprinting under federal regulations.
How to get a Class B CDL?
If you’re aiming to earn a Class B Commercial Driver’s License (CDL), follow these steps to guide you through the process:
1. Research your state requirements
Each state has its own eligibility criteria for obtaining a Class B CDL. Start by reviewing your state’s Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) or Motor Vehicle Administration (MVA) website to understand age limits, residency rules, educational qualifications, and other mandates.
2. Obtain a Commercial Learner’s Permit (CLP)
Apply for a Commercial Learner’s Permit (CLP) at your local DMV. Prepare for written exams covering general traffic laws, air brakes, and possible endorsements using online study materials from your state’s MVA. Passing these exams earns you a CLP, allowing you to begin behind-the-wheel practice under supervision.
3. Complete screening and background checks
Depending on what you plan to drive, the licensing process may require you to submit fingerprints, complete a background check, or provide additional medical documents. This is especially common for roles involving school buses, transit buses, or HazMat-related work.
4. Pass the DOT physical examination
Undergo a Department of Transportation (DOT) physical to confirm medical fitness. The exam evaluates vision, hearing, cardiovascular health, and other essential physical abilities. Once you pass, you receive a medical examiner’s certificate. Class B license holders may be required to complete annual physicals to maintain eligibility.
5. Enroll in a CDL training program (optional but recommended)
CDL training programs provide hands-on driving experience with Class B vehicles and classroom instruction on topics such as truck mechanics, air brakes, and state traffic laws. These programs help prepare you for both the written and driving tests.
6. Pass the written and driving exams
The Class B CDL test includes both written exams and a road skills test. Written exams evaluate your knowledge of traffic laws, vehicle operation, and endorsements. The written portion covers safety rules, operation of Class B vehicles, and any endorsements. The driving test includes a pre-trip inspection, basic maneuvers, and an on-road driving assessment. Passing both officially qualifies you for your Class B CDL.
7. Consider earning endorsements
Class B license holders can obtain endorsements for specialized vehicle operations. Requirements typically involve additional written tests and sometimes road skills assessments. Common endorsements include:
- P – Passenger transport
- H – Hazardous materials
- S – School bus or passenger transport
- T – Tank vehicle
- X – Tanker with hazardous materials
Adding endorsements broadens the types of vehicles you can drive and can help you qualify for higher-paying roles.
What does Class B CDL training involve?
Class B CDL training gives you the knowledge and hands-on experience needed to safely operate medium- to large-sized commercial vehicles such as straight trucks, buses, and dump trucks. Most programs blend classroom instruction with practical, behind-the-wheel training so you learn how to handle the vehicle, follow regulations, and stay safe on the road.
Classroom learning
In the classroom, you’ll cover the essentials:
- Commercial driving regulations: Understand the federal and state laws governing Class B vehicles, including rules on hours of service, cargo handling, and air brake operation.
- Vehicle knowledge: Learn about different vehicle systems, instruments, and how to identify and report mechanical issues.
- Safety and compliance: Study proper pre-trip and post-trip inspections, cargo safety checks, and recordkeeping practices.
- Trip preparation: Gain skills in route planning, navigation, and load management to ensure efficient and safe trips.
Hands-on training
- Basic vehicle operation: Practice starting, stopping, steering, and controlling the vehicle in a safe environment.
- Pre-trip inspections: Perform thorough safety checks, including air brake inspections and overall vehicle condition assessments.
- Maneuvering techniques: Learn to back up, park, and dock safely in different settings, including tight spaces.
- On-road driving: Drive in various traffic conditions, from quiet roads to busy streets, to build confidence.
- Specialized skills: Some programs include extras like coupling and uncoupling trailers or operating additional vehicle types, depending on the curriculum.
Class B CDL training prepares you for real-world driving scenarios and ensures you can operate your vehicle safely, efficiently, and in full compliance with federal and state regulations.
What are Class B CDL endorsements?
Class B Commercial Driver’s Licenses (CDLs) can be enhanced with endorsements that allow you to operate specialized vehicles or carry specific types of cargo. Each endorsement requires additional testing and, in some cases, background checks to ensure safety and compliance. These add-ons expand your driving authority and open the door to higher-paying or more specialized roles.
Common Class B CDL endorsements:
- P – Passenger: Permits the operation of vehicles designed to carry 16 or more passengers, such as shuttle buses or tour buses.
- S – School Bus: Authorizes you to operate school buses, ensuring the safe transport of children.
- N – Tank Vehicle: Allows the operation of tank vehicles, which carry liquids or gases in bulk.
- H – Hazardous Materials (HazMat): Required for transporting hazardous materials, this endorsement involves a background check and a specialized knowledge test.
- X – Tank with HazMat: Combines the N and H endorsements, permitting drivers to operate tank vehicles carrying hazardous materials.
These endorsements expand the scope of what a Class B CDL holder can legally drive and transport, opening up opportunities in passenger transport, specialized trucking, and hazardous materials hauling.
What are the Class B CDL job opportunities?
Class B drivers primarily work in transportation, distribution, and delivery sectors, operating medium- to large-sized commercial vehicles. Depending on their role, Class B drivers may take on a variety of positions, including:
- School bus drivers
- Public transit drivers
- Dump truck operators
- Straight truck drivers
- Segmented truck drivers
- Delivery drivers, and
- Mail carriers
While each job is different, most Class B positions involve operating your vehicle safely, performing routine inspections, keeping logs as required, and sometimes helping with loading or unloading cargo. Whether transporting passengers or moving freight, Class B drivers play a key role in keeping communities and businesses running smoothly.
Preparing for a successful Class B CDL career
A Class B CDL opens the door to a variety of rewarding careers in transportation, logistics, delivery, and passenger services. By understanding the requirements, completing proper training, and obtaining the necessary endorsements, you can confidently operate medium- to large-sized commercial vehicles safely and efficiently.
Whether you’re starting your career in local delivery, passenger transport, or municipal services, a Class B CDL provides the foundation to grow professionally. With dedication, practice, and the right guidance, you can secure this license and take the next step toward a successful career on the road.
Class B CDL FAQs
1. How long does it take to get a Class B CDL?
Most Class B CDL programs typically last 5 to 6 weeks, though the exact duration can vary depending on the training schedule and your state’s requirements. Many schools offer flexible programs to accommodate different learning needs and timelines.
2. Is Class B CDL training hard to complete?
Not necessarily. While the program requires focus, practice, and dedication, it is manageable with the right instruction and commitment. Training covers classroom lessons, vehicle inspections, and behind-the-wheel driving. With consistent effort and guidance from experienced instructors, most students complete the program and pass their exams.
3. Do I need prior truck driving experience for a Class B CDL?
No prior commercial driving experience is required. Class B CDL programs are designed to teach students from the ground up, starting with basic vehicle operation and progressing to advanced driving techniques. The curriculum ensures that even beginners can build the skills and confidence they need to succeed, step by step.
4. Can I upgrade from a Class B CDL to a Class A CDL later?
Yes. Many drivers begin their careers with a Class B CDL and later pursue Class A training to access broader career opportunities. Your Class B experience provides a solid foundation, making the transition to a Class A CDL smoother and more efficient.
5. What is the CDL Class B weight limit?
The weight limit for a Class B CDL vehicle applies to single vehicles with a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of 26,001 pounds or more. Drivers with a Class B license can also tow a trailer weighing less than 10,000 pounds GVWR, but for heavier trailers, a Class A CDL is required. Class B vehicles typically include straight trucks, large buses, dump trucks, and box trucks.
6. How much does a Class B CDL cost?
The cost of a Class B CDL program generally ranges from $2,500 to $8,000, depending on factors like the training school, state requirements, and program duration. This total typically covers the training itself, which can cost $1,500 to $8,000, as well as additional expenses such as state testing fees ($50–$200), a DOT medical exam ($100–$150), and the official license fee.
7. What are the restrictions of a Class B CDL?
A Class B CDL allows you to drive single vehicles with a GVWR of 26,001 pounds or more, tow trailers of 10,000 pounds or less, and operate vehicles carrying 24+ passengers. Additional restrictions may include endorsements for corrective lenses or mechanical aids.
8. How much does a Class B CDL driver make?
A Class B CDL driver’s salary varies depending on experience, location, and the type of driving. On average, drivers earn $49,000–$50,000 per year, with most salaries falling between $42,000 and $53,000. Hourly rates typically range from $23 to $24 per hour. Specialized positions, such as hazardous materials drivers, often earn higher pay due to the added responsibilities and risks.
